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What is Engineering Drawing | Types of Drawings Instruments

Engineering Drawing

Important Point

  • Importance of Engineering Drawing
  • What is Engineering Drawing?
  • Types of Drawings Instruments [Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing]
    • 1. Drawing Board
    • 2.1. T-Square
    • 2.2. Drafting Machine (or Drafter)
    • 3. Set Squares
    • 4. Protractor
    •  5. Drawing Instrument Box
    • 6. Drawing  Sheet
    • 7. Drawing Pencils
    • 8. Drawing Pins and Clips
    • 9. Compass
    • 11. French curve
    • 11. Scales (Ruler)
    • 12 Roll and Draw
    • 13. Circle Master
    • 14. Sharpener
    • 15. Eraser
    • 16. Duster or Handkerchief
    • Drawings Instruments
    • Engineering Drawing
    • Electrical Engineering Drawing
    • Engineering Drawing Standard
    • Structural Engineer Drawing
    • What Is Structural Engineer Drawing?
    • Cad Technical Drawings
    • Structural Shop Drawings
    • What is Engineering Drawing?
    • Mechanical Engineering Drawing
    • Mechanical Drawing
    • Technical Drawing
    • Iso Standard Drawing
    • Mechanical Drawing Tools
    • Importance of Engineering Drawing
    • Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing
    • Engineering Drawing Tools

Importance of Engineering Drawing

A subcategory of technical drawings is an engineering drawing. The goal is to convey all of the information required to manufacture a product or a component.

Standardized language and symbols are used in engineering drawings. This simplifies the interpretation of the drawings and eliminates the possibility of personal interpretation.

What is Engineering Drawing?

Engineering drawings are detailed diagrams that display all of the details and specifications required to produce a particular object or product. It is a graphical language that communicates ideas and facts, not just a drawing.

An engineering drawing, rather than being an image, is used to illustrate the size and shape of a product and can include details such as appropriate variants, load limits, materials, and any other information that may aid in a full understanding of the product.


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Types of Drawings Instruments [Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing]

To create tidy and precise drawings, drawing instruments are used. The standard of the instruments used to prepare the Drawings has a greater impact on the accuracy of the Drawings. The following is a list of appropriate Drawing Instruments and other materials

  1. Drawing Board
  2. T-Square or Drafter (Drafting machine)
  3. Set Squares
  4. Protractor
  5. Drawing Instrument Box
  6. Drawing Sheet
  7. Drawing Pencils
  8. Drawing Pins/Clips
  9. Comapss
  10. French Curve
  11. Scales (Ruler)
  12. Roll & Draw
  13. Circle Master
  14. Sharpener
  15. Eraser
  16. Duster or Handkerchief

1. Drawing Board

Drawing Board

The drawing board is made of 25 mm thick strips of well-seasoned soft wood. Two battens are cleated at the back to keep it from warping. One of the rectangular board’s shorter edges has a perfectly straight ebony edge that is used as a working edge for moving the T-square when making drawings.

Drawing boards come in a variety of sizes. The drawing board you choose is determined by the size of the drawing paper you’ll be using. The Bureau of Indian Standards (B.I.S.) has proposed the following sizes for drawing boards.

Standard Size of Drawing Boards

Designation

Size (mm)

B0

1500×1000

B1

1000×700

B2

700X500

B3

500×350

B4

250×350

Also, Read: What Is Superelevation | Superelevation Definition | Superelevation Formula | Calculation of Superelevation in Roads

2.1. T-Square

Strong wood is used to make T-squares. A T-square is made up of two parts: the stock and the blade, which are connected at right angles by screws and pins.

Set squares are used to draw parallel lines, vertical lines, or inclined lines at 30°, 60° to the horizontal using the working edge of a T-square.

2.2. Drafting Machine (or Drafter)

Drafter

The advantages and uses of T-square, set square, scales, and protractors are combined in a drafting machine. A screw provided in the Drafter is used to lock one end of the Drafter to the left top end of the Drawing board.

At the other end of the Drafter, an adjustable head with a Protractor is mounted. The adjustable head is fitted with two blades made of translucent celluloid material that are completely perpendicular to each other.

Parallel, horizontal, vertical, and inclined lines are all drawn with these blades. The blades are often parallel to the board’s edges. The use of a drafting machine reduces the amount of time it takes to prepare a drawing.

Also, Read: What Is a Field Dry Density Test | Different Types of Field Density Tests

3. Set Squares

Set Squares

Plastic or celluloid are the most popular materials used to make set squares. They are triangular in shape, with one right-angle triangle as a corner.

A pair of set squares (30°–60°) and 45° (a 45° set square is usually used with a Protractor) make it easier to mark angles. They’re used to draw lines at 30°, 60°, and 45° angles to the vertical and horizontal.

4. Protractor

Protractor

Protractors are used to calculate or label angles between 0 and 180 degrees. They have a semicircular shape (diameter 100mm) and made of plastic or celluloid, which has a longer life span. Protractors with a circular shape that can mark and measure from 0 to 360 degrees are also available on the market

 5. Drawing Instrument Box

Drawing Instrument Box

It consists of the following components:

  1. Large size compasses,
  2. Large size divider,
  3. Small size bow pen, bow divider, and
  4. Lengthening bar.

Also, Read: What Is Pitched Roof | 8 Types of Pitched Roof | Advantages of Pitched Roof

6. Drawing  Sheet

Drawing  Sheet

They come in a wide range of colors and textures, and good quality paper with a smooth surface should be chosen for drawings that can be kept for a long time. The Bureau of Indian Standards (B.I.S.) has given the following sizes for drawing sheets.

Standard Size of Drawing Sheet

  Designation

Size  (mm)

A0

1189  ×  841

A1

841  ×  594

A2

594  ×  420

A3

420  ×  297

A4

297  ×  210

A5

210  ×  148

7. Drawing Pencils

Drawing Pencils

The consistency of the pencil used to create a drawing determines the accuracy and appearance of the drawing. The lead grade of a Pencil is shown on the Pencil. The abbreviation HB stands for “medium grade.” Harder pencils are labeled with a value in front of H, such as 2H, 3H, and so on.

Softer pencils are labeled with 2B, 3B, 4B, and so on. A 3B pencil is softer than a 2B pencil, and a 4B pencil is softer than a 3B pencil, and so on. The letter H or the number 2H may be used to start a drawing. H and HB Pencils are used for lettering and dimensioning.

8. Drawing Pins and Clips

Drawing Pins and Clips

These two are used to fix the drawing sheet in place on the drawing board.

Also, Read: What Is Modulus of Rupture | What Is Flexural Modulus | What Is Flexural Stress | Flexural Strength of Concrete | Bending Modulus | What Is Flexural Strength

9. Compass

Compass

Circles and arcs of circles is done with a compass. The compass has two hinged legs on one hand. The lower end of one of the legs is fitted with a pointed needle, while the other end has a provision for inserting pencil lead. The legs of the compass are held straight to draw circles up to 120mm in diameter.

11. French curve

French curve

These have an unusual cross-section and were used to draw small arcs and long splines that a drafter couldn’t draw. They are made of plastic or steel.

11. Scales (Ruler)

Scales

A ruler, also known as a rule or line gauge, is a tool used to calculate distances and/or rule straight lines in geometry, technical drawing, printing, and engineering/building.

For technical drawings, you’ll need to use this tool frequently. The scales come in a variety of materials, including plastic, wood, and steel. Steel rule is commonly used to design engineering drawings.

Also, Read: What Is Transported Soil | Transported Soil Definition | Classification of Transported Soil | Residual Soil and Transported Soil

12 Roll and Draw

Roll and Draw

Roll & Draw is an incredibly useful method for easily generating charts and parallel lines. It’s also known as “the best friend of a draftsman.”

It’s also a multipurpose drawing tool that allows you to quickly and easily draw quadrants, triangles, circles, angles, crosshatching, and vertical and horizontal parallel lines in centimeters.

13. Circle Master

Circle Master

Circle Master is a useful template-type drawing instrument that allows you to quickly draw circles of various radiuses. It does away with the use of a compass since a circle with a fixed radius can be drawn. It’s a flat or circular plate with various-sized holes punched on the top.

If you try to draw a circle with a radius other than the radius punched, you’ll need to use a different drafting instrument because the radius of a circle can’t be changed.

Also, Read: What Is Tie Beam | Tie Beam Details | Advantages of Using Tie Beam | Tie Beam Reinforcement | Why Are Use Concrete Tie Beam

14. Sharpener

Sharpener

A pencil sharpener is a device that shaves the worn surface of a pencil to sharpen the writing edge.

15. Eraser

Eraser

An eraser is a tool that is used to remove pencil marks from paper or sheets.

16. Duster or Handkerchief

Duster or Handkerchief

To clean the paper on which the drawing is being done, a duster or handkerchief is often used. They come in a variety of colors and sty.

Also, Read: What Is a Flight of Stairs | Types of Stairs | How Many Stairs in a Flight | Some Facts About Stairwells


FAQ

Drawings Instruments

  • Drawing sheet.
  • Drawing board.
  • Mini drafter.
  • T square.
  • Compass.
  • Divider.
  • Set squares.
  • Clinograph.
  • Protractor
  • French Curves
  • Drawing Templates
  • Pencils
  • Eraser
  • Paper Holders

Engineering Drawing

An engineering drawing is a type of technical drawing that is used to convey information about an object. The process of producing engineering drawings is often referred to as technical drawing or drafting (draughting).

Electrical Engineering Drawing

An electrical drawing is a type of technical drawing that shows information about power, lighting, and communication for an engineering or architectural project.

Engineering Drawing Standard

Conventions are essential for clear, unambiguous written, oral, and graphical communication. Drawings are used by engineers and manufacturing technologists to communicate their ideas and hence good engineering drawings follow conventions which are referred to as drawing standards.

Structural Engineer Drawing

Engineer’s drawings and structural computation documents give details about the structural members required to hold the structure up. The structural engineer interprets the contour plan with the working drawings and determines the height of retaining walls. The higher the wall, the stronger the design must be.

What Is Structural Engineer Drawing?

A full set of blueprints will typically contain detailed floor plans, exterior elevations, residential front perspective, foundation and basement plans, house & detail cross sections, floor structural supports, and roof framing plans.

Cad Technical Drawings

Technical drawing, also known as drafting or draughting, is the act and discipline of composing plans that visually communicate how something functions or has to be constructed. The 2D CAD system allows a copy of the original to be modified, saving considerable time.

Structural Shop Drawings

Shop drawings are typically a set of drawings required for prefabricated components. Shop drawing includes dimensions, manufacturing standards, fabrication. They contain more details compared to construction documents. Obtaining architectural approval is only a small part of what a quality shop drawing provides.

What is Engineering Drawing?

An engineering drawing is a type of technical drawing used to define the requirements for engineering products or components. It may also describe the process of making the item, may be used to convey engineering ideas during the design process, or may provide a record of an existing item.

Mechanical Engineering Drawing

Mechanical engineering drawings are technical and skilled drawings that help define and illustrate specific mechanical requirements and processes. They are engineering drawings specifically for mechanical purposes. These technical drawings help communicate problems and solutions that mechanical engineers experience.

Mechanical Drawing

Mechanical systems drawing is a type of technical drawing that shows information about heating, ventilating, air conditioning and transportation around the building (Elevators or Lifts and Escalators). It is a powerful tool that helps analyze complex systems.

Technical Drawing

A technical drawing, also known as an engineering drawing, is a detailed, precise diagram or plan that conveys information about how an object functions or is constructed. Engineers, electricians, and contractors all use these drawings as guides when constructing or repairing objects and buildings.

Iso Standard Drawing

ISO 128 is an iso standard for the general principles of presentation in technical drawings, specifically the graphical representation of objects on technical drawings. ISO 13567 is a CAD layer standard.

Mechanical Drawing Tools

Drawing Tools User Areas of Uses
Mechanical Pencils
  • Students
  • Trainees in technical jobs
  • Architects
  • Engineers
  • Office use
  • Drawing
  • Writing
Clutch pencils
  • Architects
  • Engineers
  • Graphic designers
  • Drawing
  • Writing
Technical pens
  • Architects
  • Engineers
  • Graphic designers
  • Drawing
Rulers
  • Students
  • Trainees in technical jobs
  • Architects
  • Engineers
  • Drawing
Compass
  • Students
  • Trainees in technical jobs
  • Architects
  • Engineers
  • Drawing
  • Geometry
Drawing boards
  • Students
  • Trainees in technical jobs
  • Architects
  • Engineers
  • Drawing
Erasers
  • Students
  • Trainees
  • Office use
  • Drawing
  • Writing
Sharpeners
  • Technicians
  • Trainees
  • Office use
  • Drawing
  • Writing

Importance of Engineering Drawing

Typically, the purpose of an engineering drawing is to clearly and accurately capture all geometric features of a product or component so that a manufacturer or engineer can produce the required item.

Instruments Used in Engineering Drawing

  1. Drawing sheet
  2. Drawing board
  3. Mini drafter
  4. Eraser
  5. Pencils
  6. Protractor
  7. French curves
  8. Templates
  9. Paper Holders
  10. Set squares
  11. Compass
  12. Divider

Engineering Drawing Tools

  • Drawing tools. Pencil. Drafting board. T-square. Drafting machine. French Curves. Rulers. Compass. Templates. Perspective machines.
  • Drawing materials. Drafting paper. Thick draft paper. Cloth. Tracing paper. Tracing tube. Inks. Dry transfer.

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By Krunal Rajput

About Krunal Rajput

Hey, I am Krunal Rajput. The Man Behind CivilJungle. I started this site to spread knowledge about Civil Engineering. I am a Degree Holder in Civil Engineering.

You can find him on Facebook, Twitter, Tumblr, Instagram and Google News.

Comments

  1. Trendzstyle says

    18th January 2022 at 1:59 pm

    Amazing list of engineering drawing requirement to draw a final dimensional figure. I loved french curve i never see it before. Thanks for this list.

    Reply

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